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The Indian state of West Bengal borders with Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Assam and Sikkim. The Himalayas lies in the north of the state and the Bay of Bengal is at the south. In between them, the river Ganges flows eastwards and its main distributary, the Hooghly River, flows south to reach the Bay of Bengal. The Siliguri Corridor, which connects North-East India with rest of the India, lies in the North Bengal region of the state. Geographically, West Bengal is divided into a variety of regions—Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, Terai and Doors region, North Bengal plains, Rarh region, Western plateau and high lands, coastal plains, Sunderbans and the Ganges Delta.〔 In 1947, when India gained independence, the state of West Bengal was formed with 14 districts, as per partition plan of the then Bengal province of British India.〔〔 The former princely state Koch Bihar joined as a district in 1950,〔 and the former French enclave Chandannagore joined as part of the Hooghly district in 1954.〔 The States Reorganisation Act of 1956 led to addition of Purulia district to the state and to enlargement of West Dinajpur district.〔 Later, larger districts such as West Dinajpur, 24 Parganas and Midnapore were bifurcated. Till 24 June 2014 West Bengal was divided into 19 districts. West Bengal is now divided into 20 districts which includes the Alipurduar district from 25 June 2014 under three divisions 〔http://www.thestatesman.net/news/60975-alipurduar-to-become-bengal-s-20th-dist.html〕〔http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Alipurduar-a-new-district-on-June-25/articleshow/36916065.cms〕 and divisions are administered by Divisional Commissioners.〔 Kolkata, the capital of the state, constitutes the Kolkata district. Other districts are further divided into administrative units such as subdivisions and blocks, administered by SDO and BDO, respectively. The Panchayati Raj has a three-tier structure in the state. The atomic unit is called a Gram Panchayat, which is the ''Panchayat'' organization for a collection of villages.〔 The block-level organizations are called ''Panchayat Samiti'',〔 and the district-level organizations are named ''Zilla Parishad''.〔 ==Geography== (詳細はPadma River, which flows eastwards into Bangladesh. The districts that are located at the north of the Ganges—Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, Malda, North Dinajpur , South Dinajpur and Alipurduar—are often referred to collectively as North Bengal. Geographically, this area is divided into the Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, the Terai and Doors region, and the North Bengal plains.〔 The Siliguri Corridor, also known as Chicken's Neck, which connects North-East India with rest of the India, lies in this region. The Indo-Bangladesh enclaves are either enclaves or exclaves of the Cooch Behar district or the Jalpaiguri district.〔 〕 The districts on the south of the Ganges—Bankura, Bardhaman, Birbhum, Purulia, Murshidabad, Nadia, West Midnapore, East Midnapore, Hooghly, Howrah, Kolkata, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas—constitute a variety of geographical regions such as the Rarh region, the Western plateau and high lands, the coastal plains, the Sunderbans and the Ganges Delta.〔 Kolkata, the capital of the state, constitutes the Kolkata district. The uninhabited South Talpatti Island, which surfaced in the Bay of Bengal in the 1970s near the Indo-Bangladesh border, is claimed by both India and Bangladesh. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of districts of West Bengal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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